Qualitative and Quantitative Phytochemical Analysis of Andrographis Echioides Leaves.

Pharmaceutical Science-Chemistry for New drug discovery

Abstract

Plants are the crucial resources and backbone of human life on earth and another main significance of plants is their  medicinal properties. Medicinal plants provide an estimable source of lead compounds for the discovery of noble new drugs with few undesirable side effects. In this study, the Qualitative phytochemical analysis, quantitative estimation, and proximate analysis of phytochemical compounds with the importance pharmacological significance in various organic solvent extracts of Andrographis echioides leaves. Preliminary phytochemical screening analyses were determined using standard protocol methods. Qualitative phytochemical analysis of leaves extracts from Andrographis echioides was analyzed for the primary and secondary metabolites of phytochemical constituents such as sugar, protein, amino acids, Carbohydrates, alkaloid, Flavonoids, Terpenoids, Glycosides, Tannins, Gum, Mucilage, phenolic compounds, Phytosterols,  Coumarin,  Emodin,  Saponin,  Oils,  and  Fats  were  screened  in  different  solvent  extracts.  Quantitative  estimation  of secondary metabolites from Andrographis echioides leaves are determined by using Standard methods and proximate analysis of fibre, protein, fat, total ash, and carbohydrate were carried out by using standard. Among the nine different extracts of Andrographis echioides, methanolic extract of the leaves showed the maximum amount of phytochemical was screened in Andrographis echioides. Quantitative estimation of leaves from Andrographis echioides contained maximum content of total phenols, flavonoids, Steroids, and Terpenoids with the minimum amount of saponins, alkaloids, and Tannin. The proximate analysis in percentage showed that Andrographis echioides leaves had the highest amount of Carbohydrates content 33.78% and Protein content 27.21%. and the lowest amount of Fibre content 10.56% Fat content 1.13% and ash content 7.32%. The presence of phytochemical compounds supports the traditional use of Andrographis echioides  as  an  alternative  treatment for  curing  certain  health  conditions.  Further  studies  should be  carried out to isolate  specific phytochemical chemical constituents and should be used in different studies to explore their Biological effects.